: Information Warfare

Information Warfare
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Subject: Information Warfare
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Psychological operations include the human aspect of information warfare.

 =========================================

Excerpt from http://www.ndu.edu/inss/actpubs/act003/a003ch00.html

In recent years, a concept known as "information warfare" has become popular within
certain circles of the U.S. defense establishment. The concept is rooted in the
undisputable fact that information and information technologies are increasingly
important to national security in general and to warfare specifically. According to
this concept, advanced conflict will increasingly be characterized by the struggle
over information systems. All forms of struggle over control and dominance of
information are considered essentially one struggle, and the techniques of information
warfare are seen as aspects of a single discipline. Those who master the techniques of
information warfare will therefore find themselves at an advantage over those who have
not; indeed, information warfare will, in and of itself, relegate other, more
traditional and conventional forms of warfare to the sidelines. If it takes
information warfare seriously enough, the United States, as the world's preeminent
information society, could increase its lead over any opponent. If it fails to do so,
proponents argue, it may be at considerable disadvantage, regardless of strengths in
other military dimensions.

 =========================================

Excerpts from http://www.psycom.net/iwar.2.html

GLOSSARY OF INFORMATION WARFARE TERMS

AFIWC
Air Force Information Warfare Center

C2W
Command-and-control warfare. The integrated use of operations security, military
deception, psychological operations, electronic warfare, and physical destruction,
mutually supported by intelligence, to deny information to, influence, degrade, or
destroy adversary command and control capabilities, while protecting friendly command
and control capabilities against such actions. Command systems, rather than
commanders, are the chief target, as in Persian Gulf War.

CARNIVORE
An FBI system to monitor email and other traffic through Internet service providers.

Copernicus
The code-name under which the Navy plans to reformulate its command and control
structures in response to the realization that information is a weapon...

CSCI
Commercial Satellite Communications Initiative.

Cyberwar
A synonym for information warfare.

DARPA
Defense Advanced Research Project Agency

DIA
Defense Intelligence Agency

DNS
Domain Name Service

DNS spoofing
Assuming the DNS name of another system by either corrupting the name service cache of
a victim system, or by compromising a domain name server for a valid domain.

van Eck monitoring
Monitoring the activity of a computer or other electronic equipment by detecting low
levels of electromagnetic emissions from the device. Named after Dr. Wim van Eck who
published on the topic in 1985.

ECHELON
A multinational survellance network, centered at Sugar Grove, WV, that intercepts all
forms of electronic communications.

EW
Electronic warfare.

Hacker
A person who either breaks into systems for which they have no authorization or
intentionally overstep their bounds on systems for which they do have legitimate
access, i.e., an unauthorized individual who attempts to penetrate information
systems; to browse, steal, or modify data; deny access or service to others; or cause
damage or harm in some other way.

HERF
High Energy Radio Frequency. As in HERF gun: a device that can disrupt the normal
operation of digital equipment such as computers and navigational equipment by
directing HERF emissions at them.

IBW
Intelligence-based warfare.

Information Warfare
Information warfare is the offensive and defensive use of information and information
systems to deny, exploit, corrupt, or destroy, an adversary's information,
information-based processes, information systems, and computer-based networks while
protecting one's own. Such actions are designed to achieve advantages over military or
business adversaries (Dr. Ivan Goldberg's definition)

NSA
National Security Agency. This agency is charged with the tasks of exploiting foreign
electromagnetic signals and protecting the electronic information critical to U. S.
national security.

OOTW
Operations other than war.

Phreaking
"Hacking" the public phone network.

Psychological operations
Planned psychological activities in peace and war directed to enemy, friendly, and
neutral audiences in order to influence attitudes and behavior affecting the
achievement of political and military objectives. They include strategic psychological
activities, consolidation psychological operations and battlefield psychological
activities.

PSYOPS
See: Psychological operations.

RMA
Revolution in Military Affairs. The realization by the military that information, and
information technologies must be considered as a weapon in achieving national
objectives via military activity.

SIGINT
The interception and analysis of electromagnetic signals.

Spoofing
Assuming the identity of another as in sending email under someone else's name.

TEMPEST
Military code-name for activities related to van Eck monitoring, and technology to
defend against such monitoring.

 =========================================

http://www.righteouswarriortemple.org/New%20Folder/ant.htm


MIND WAR":

"MindWar must be strategic in emphasis, with tactical applications playing a
reinforcing, supplementary role. In its strategic context, MindWar must reach out to
friends, enemies, and neutrals alike across the globe - neither through the primitive
"battlefield" leaflets and loudspeakers of PSYOP nor through the weak, imprecise, and
narrow effort of psychotronics - but through the media possessed by the United States
which have the capabilities to reach virtually all people on the face of the Earth.
These media are, of course, the electronic media - television and radio. State of the
art developments in satellite communication, video recording techniques, and laser and
optical transmission of broadcasts make possible a penetration of the minds of the
world such as would have been inconceivable just a few years ago . . . it can
transform the world for us if we have but the courage and the integrity to guide
civilization with it.

MindWar must target all participants if it is to be effective. It must not only weaken
the enemy; it must strengthen the United States. It strengthens the United States by
denying enemy propaganda access to our people, and by explaining and emphasizing to
our people the rationale for our national interest in a specific war . . . Unlike
PSYOP, MindWar has nothing to do with deception or even with "selected"- and therefore
misleading - truth. Rather it states a whole truth that, if it does not now exist,
will be forced into existence by the will of the United States . . . the MindWar
operative must know he speaks the truth, and he must be personally committed to it.
What he says is only a part of MindWar; the rest - and the test of its effectiveness -
lies in the conviction he projects to his audience, in the rapport he establishes with
it. . .

There are some purely natural conditions under which minds may become more or less
receptive to ideas, and MindWar should take full advantage of such phenomena as
atmospheric electromagnetic activity, air ionization, and extremely low frequency
waves . . . (Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) waves: ELF waves (up to 100 Hz) are
naturally occurring, but they can also be produced artificially (such as for the Navy'
s Project Sanguine for submarine communication). ELF-waves are not normally noticed by
the unaided senses, yet their resonant effect upon the human body has been connected
to both physiological disorders and emotional distortion. Infrasound vibration (up to
20 Hz) can subliminally influence brain activity to align itself to delta, theta,
alpha, or beta wave patterns, inclining an audience toward everything from alertness
to passivity. Infrasound could be used tactically, as ELF-waves endure for great
distances, and it could be used in conjunction with media broadcasts as well.)"

- excerpted from: From PSYOP to MindWar: The Psychology of Victory, a declassified
military document by Colonel Paul E. Vallely and Major Michael A. Aquino

 =========================================

Excerpt from: http://www.tomdavisbooks.com/ebooks/lastcircle/chpt15pt3.html

...one report particularly caught my attention. It was titled, "From PSYOP to MindWar:
The Psychology of Victory" by Colonel Paul E. Vallely with Major Michael A. Aquino.

The 12 page Army report was undated but it outlined the use of "Psychotronics,"
intelligence and operational weapons systems employing the use of mind control,
commonly known as Psychological Operations (PSYOP).

Wrote Aquino, "In 1967 and 1968 alone, a total of 29,276 armed Viet Cong/NVA (the
equivalent of 95 enemy infantry battalions) surrendered to ARVN or MACV forces under
the Chieu Hoi amnesty program the major PSYOP effort of the Vietnam War. At the time
MACV estimated that the elimination of that same number of enemy troops in combat
would have cost us 6,000 dead."

Aquino argued that the U.S. lost the war in Vietnam "not because we were outfought,
but because we were outPSYOPed. Our national will to victory was attacked more
effectively than we attacked that of the North Vietnamese and Viet Cong, and
preception of this fact encouraged the enemy to hang on until the United States
finally broke and ran for home."

The lesson, according to Aquino, was not to ignore U.S. PSYOP capability, but rather
to change it and strengthen it "so that it can do precisely that kind of thing to our
enemy in the next war." To begin, there would be a name change from Psychological
Operations to "MindWar." Noted Aquino, "We must reach the people BEFORE they resolve
to support their armies, and we must reach those armies BEFORE our combat troops ever
see them on battlefields."

Aquino went on to compare his proposal with the definition of Psychological Warfare
first introduced by General William Donovan of the OSS in his World War IIera "Basic
Estimate of Psychological Warfare" in which Donovan discussed the need to destroy the
will of the enemy. But an attendant 1947 letter stressed the need for a "synonym which
could be used in peacetime that would not shock the sensibilities of a citizen of
democracy."

Aquino indicated contempt for the U.S. Army's inability to accept PSYOP in its "most
effective configuration," adding that "the reluctance with which the Army had accepted
even an 'antiseptic' PSYOP component" was well documented.

Having read about General Donovan's "behavioral control" program in the MKUltra book,
I didn't perceive it to be exactly "antiseptic." Aquino's report, obviously written
after the Vietnam war, suggested that future MindWars should be fought through
"skillful use of communications media."

"MindWar," noted Aquino, "states a whole truth that, if it does not now exist, will be
forced into existence by the will of the United States ... A MindWar message does not
have to fit conditions of abstract credibility as do PSYOP themes; its source makes it
credible."

Aquino continued, " ... The MindWar operative must KNOW that he speaks the truth, and
he must be PERSONALLY COMMITTED to it. What he says is only a part of MindWar; the
rest and the test of its effectiveness lies in the conviction he projects to his
audience, in the rapport he establishes with it."